Franz Kafka was a novelist, whose major works are universally considered to be among the most important of the 20th century.
His novella "The Metamorphosis" and his novel "The Trial" are required reading at nearly every university.
When he died at the age of 40, however, Kafka was basically an unpublished author. Most of his work was never finished and not published until after his death.
Born in 1883 into a middle-class Jewish family in the Jewish ghetto of Prague at a time when Prague was an administrative outpost of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Kafka grew up speaking German in a city whose inhabitants mostly spoke Czech. This relationship, being a cultural and linguistic outsider in the city of his own birth, informs the sense of isolation and hopelessness that pervades his written work.
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